William de Wiveleslie Abney was an English astronomer, chemist and photographer born in Derby, England on 24 July, 1843.
The son of Edward Abney, vicar of St Alkmund's Derby and owner of the Firs Estate, William attended Rossall School, the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich and joined the Royal Engineers in 1861, with whom he served in India for several years. Thereafter, and to further his knowledge in photography, he became a chemical assistant at the Chatham School of Military Engineering.
Drawing influences from his father, who was an early photographic experimenter and his friend of Richard Keene, an early Derby photographer, Abney became a pioneer of several technical aspects of photography. Keene became a close friend of William and his brother Charles Edward Abney. Both the Abney sons subsequently became founder members of the Derby Photographic Society in June 1884. His endeavors in the chemistry of photography produced useful photographic products and also developments in astronomy. He wrote many books on photography that were considered standard texts at the time, although he was doubtful that his improvements would have a great impact on the subject. His introduction of silver gelatin citrochloride emulsions led to the mass marketing of printing-out paper. He was a prolific author, writing for both specialist practitioners and amateurs. It was Abney who was largely instrumental in establishing a photographic collection at the South Kensington Museum, later to become the Science Museum Collection and form the basis of the National Museum of Photography, Bradford.
Read more: History of photography: Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney